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ISQI CTFL_Syll2018 certification exam is a popular certification for software testers who are looking to enhance their skills and knowledge in the field. CTFL_Syll2018 exam is designed to test the candidate's understanding of the fundamental concepts and principles of software testing, as well as their ability to apply these concepts in real-world scenarios. CTFL_Syll2018 exam covers a wide range of topics, including software testing basics, testing techniques, test management, and defects management.
NEW QUESTION # 12
Which of the test cases below will exercise both outcomes from decision 2? [K3] Refer to the exhibit
- A. P = 36, Q = 36, P=37, Q=35
- B. P = 37, Q = 36, P=35, Q=36
- C. P = 42, Q = 43, P=42, Q=42
- D. P = 24, Q = 20, P=24, Q=25
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 13
Which of the following is NOT a major responsibility of a tester?
- A. Reporting and tracking bugs.
- B. Finding the root cause of a defect.
- C. Producing interim test reports.
- D. Writing the test specification
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Finding the root cause of a defect is not a major responsibility of a tester. Finding the root cause of a defect is usually done by developers who have access to the source code and can debug it to identify and fix the defect. Testers are responsible for reporting and tracking defects, but not for finding their root causes2 states this as follows:
The role of testers is to find defects in software products and report them to developers who are responsible for fixing them. Testers do not need to know how to fix defects or find their root causes, as this requires access to the source code and debugging skills that are typically possessed by developers.
A, C, and D are incorrect answers. Producing interim test reports, writing the test specification, and reporting and tracking bugs are major responsibilities of a tester. Producing interim test reports is part of test monitoring and control, which involves measuring and evaluating test progress and quality against objectives and criteria.
Writing the test specification is part of test analysis and design, which involves identifying test conditions based on test basis and designing test cases based on test techniques. Reporting and tracking bugs is part of test implementation and execution, which involves logging incidents when observed outcomes deviate from expected outcomes and tracking their status until closure.
NEW QUESTION # 14
You need to test the login page of a web site The page contains fields for user name and password Which test
design techniques are most appropriate for this case?
- A. Decision table testing, state transition testing.
- B. Exploratory testing, statement coverage.
- C. Equivalence partitioning, Boundary value analysis.
- D. Decision coverage, fault attack.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 15
Which activity in the fundamental test process includes test script generation?
- A. Test closure activities
- B. Test implementation and execution
- C. Test analysis and design
- D. Test planning and control
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Test implementation and execution is the activity in the fundamental test process that includes test script generation. Test script generation is the process of creating executable test cases from test conditions and test data2 defines this activity as follows:
Test implementation and execution has the following major tasks:
Develop and prioritize test cases, creating test data and writing test procedures.
Check test environment has been set up correctly.
Execute test cases, evaluate results and document deviations from expected results.
Use exit criteria to report on suitability of system under test.
Test closure activities (A) include finalizing and archiving test results, evaluating the test process, identifying areas for improvement, and celebrating achievements. Test analysis and design (B) include reviewing test basis, identifying test conditions, designing high-level test cases, and defining exit criteria. Test planning and control include defining test objectives, scope, strategy, resources, schedule, risks, and metrics.
NEW QUESTION # 16
Which of the following statements contradicts the general principles of testing?
- A. Testing is better if it starts at the beginning of a project
- B. If new defects are to be found, we should run the same test set more often
- C. How testing is done, is based on the situation in a particular project.
- D. Most defects are found in a small subset of a system's modules
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The general principles of testing state that testing can show the presence of defects, but not their absence.
Running the same test set more often will not increase the likelihood of finding new defects, unless the system or its environment changes. Therefore, statement A contradicts the general principles of testing. Statement B is true, as testing is context-dependent and should be tailored to the specific situation of a project. Statement C is also true, as early testing can help prevent defects and reduce rework. Statement D is true, as it reflects the Pareto principle or the 80/20 rule, which states that most defects are found in a small subset of a system's modules.
References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Section 1.2
NEW QUESTION # 17
What is the value of static code analysis?
- A. Early defect detection
- B. Detection of suspicious operations caused by deviations from regulations
- C. Detection of failures not easily found by other types of testing
- D. Detect deviations in standards by executing the source code
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Static code analysis is a technique that examines the source code or other software artifacts without executing them, and can detect defects, vulnerabilities, code smells, and deviations from standards early in the development process1. According to the ISTQB syllabus, one of the benefits of static testing is early defect detection2, which can reduce the cost and effort of fixing them later.
NEW QUESTION # 18
You are examining a document which gives the precise steps needed in order to execute a test.
What is the correct definition of this document?
- A. Test design specification
- B. Test procedure specification
- C. Test condition
- D. Test case specification
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 19
Why is measurement of code coverage Important?
- A. Because code coverage can ensure that all decisions are correctly implemented in the code
- B. Because 100% code coverage guarantees that there are no coding errors
- C. Because 100% code coverage implies 100% coverage of requirements
- D. Because code coverage can be used to ensure that all code is exercised by tests
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 20
During the development of a software change for a system, the developer makes a mistake in his work, which
leads to a fault in the code. Unfortunately the fault is not found by software testing and is released into live.
What is the definite consequence of this mistake?
- A. If the contained in a small, the system may fail
- B. Loss of money, time, or business reputation
- C. Contractual requirements have not been met by testing
- D. The system will fail, causing a defect
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 21
Debugging and Testing are key activities in the software development lifecycle.
Which of the following are 'Debugging' activities?
a) Identifying, a failure
b) Locating the cause of failure
c) Fixing the defect
d) Checking the fix has resolved the failure
- A. c & d
- B. a & b
- C. a & d
- D. b & c
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 22
Consider the following excerpt from a test report 'We tested the module AX45T and we got only 1 failure. To
recreate the failure, we used test file PR624_DR78_TCB0022 pkr, available under the PR624_DR78
repository in the CK01 server".
Which incident report objective does this excerpt satisfy?
- A. Provides test managers with information to report test progress.
- B. Provides Project Managers with information on the project risks.
- C. Does not belong to an incident report
- D. Provides developers with information to isolate the failure.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 23
Your task is to compile a test execution schedule for the current release of software.
The system specification states the following logical dependencies:
* An admin user must create/amend/delete a standard user.
* A standard user is necessary to perform all other actions.
The test plan requires that re-tests must be performed first, followed by the highest priority tests. To save time, the test plan states that tests should be scheduled to create test data for the subsequent tests in the schedule.
The following test cases have been designed, with an indication of priority (1 being the highest priority) and whether the test has previously failed.
Which test execution schedule meets the test plan requirements and logical dependencies?
- A. e, a, b, c, d
- B. a, d, c, b, e
- C. e, a, d, c, b
- D. a, c, b, d, e
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The test execution schedule that meets the test plan requirements and logical dependencies is e, a, d, c, b. This schedule follows the order of re-tests first (e), followed by the highest priority tests (a and d), and then creates test data for subsequent tests (c and b). This schedule also respects the logical dependencies, as test case a creates an admin user, which is necessary for test case d to create a standard user, which is necessary for test cases c and b to perform other actions1 .
NEW QUESTION # 24
Which of the following Is a possible reason for Introducing a defect In software code?
- A. Improper system testing
- B. Focus on static testing over dynamic testing
- C. Rushing to meet a tight deadline to turn code over for testing
- D. Improper unit testing
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
According to the syllabus, a defect is a flaw in a component or system that can cause it to fail to perform its required function. A defect can be introduced in any phase of the software development life cycle, such as requirements, design, coding, testing, or deployment. A possible reason for introducing a defect in software code is rushing to meet a tight deadline to turn code over for testing. This can lead to careless mistakes, incomplete functionality, or poor quality code. The answer A is correct because it is an example of a possible reason for introducing a defect in software code. The other answers are incorrect because they are not reasons for introducing defects in software code, but rather consequences or detection methods of defects.
References: [Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus], Section 1.3.1, page 12-13.
NEW QUESTION # 25
"Experience based" test design techniques, typically...
- A. Use decision tables to generate the Boolean test conditions to be executed.
- B. Use the skill, intuition and experience of the tester to derive the test cases, using error guessing and exploratory testing.
- C. Identify the structure of the system or software at the component, integration or system level.
- D. Establish traceability from test conditions back to the specifications and requirements.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 26
What is integration testing?
- A. Looking for faults in larger components or subsystems
- B. Specifying which components to integrate in which order
- C. Another term for testing system integrity
- D. Testing that the interfaces work correctly
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Integration testing is the process of testing the interactions between different components or subsystems of a system. Integration testing verifies that the interfaces work correctly, meaning that they pass data and control correctly between components or subsystems, and that they handle errors and exceptions properly. Integration testing can also verify the functionality and quality of the integrated system or subsystem.
References: Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Section 5.1.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which statement correctly describes debugging? [K2]
- A. Developers identify defects, testers locate defects, developers correct and confirm the correction has
cleared the original defect - B. Developers identify, locate and correct defects, testers confirm the correction
has cleared the original defect - C. Testers identify defects, developers locate and correct defects, testers confirm the correction has cleared
the original defect - D. Testers identify and locate defects, developers correct defects and confirm the correction has cleared the
original defect
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 28
When comparing Static and Dynamic test techniques, which of the following statements is TRUE?
- A. Static Testing finds failures, whilst Dynamic Testing only finds the cause of failures.
- B. Only Static Testing has the objective of identifying defects.
- C. Static Testing is based on the execution of code, whist Dynamic Testing relies on examination and
analysis. - D. Static Testing techniques, such as reviews, can be undertaken before Dynamic Testing, making defects
cheaper to remove.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 29
In a system designed to work out the employee tax to be paid:
_ An employee has $4,000 of salary tax free.
_ The next $1,500 is taxed at 10%.
_ The next $28,000 after that is taxed at 22%.
_ Any further amount is taxed at 40%.
Which of these is a valid Boundary Value Analysis test case?
- A. $1,500
- B. $28,000
- C. $5,000
- D. $33,501
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 30
Which from the following list are typically found to enable the review process to be successful? [K2] a. Each review has clear defined objectives b. The lower the number of defects, the better the review process c. The right people for the review objective are involved d. There is an emphasis on learning and process improvement e. Management are not involved in the process at all f. Checklists should not be used, as these slow down the process g. Defects found are welcomed and expressed objectively
- A. a, c and d.
- B. a, f and g.
- C. d, e and g.
- D. b, c and f.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 31
Which TWO of the following test tools would be classified as test execution tools? [K2] a. Test data preparation tools b. Test harness c. Review tools d. Test comparators e. Configuration management tools
- A. c and e
- B. b and d
- C. a and b
- D. c and d
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The test tools that would be classified as test execution tools are D. b and d. Test execution tools are tools that automate the execution of test cases or test scripts, and compare the actual results with the expected results.
Test execution tools can also record and replay user actions, generate test data, and report test results. Test harness and test comparators are examples of test execution tools. A test harness is a tool that creates a test environment for a component or system under test, by simulating the required dependencies, such as stubs, drivers, or mock objects. A test comparator is a tool that compares the actual outputs of a component or system under test with the expected outputs, and reports any differences or anomalies. A detailed explanation of test execution tools can be found in A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus, pages 111-1121.
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to be true of non-functional testing?
- A. It may be performed at unit, integration system and acceptance test levels.
- B. It tests "how'' the system works.
- C. It covers the evaluation of the interaction of various specified components.
- D. It may include testing the ease of modification of systems.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Testing the ease of modification of systems is the statement that is least likely to be true of non-functional testing. Non-functional testing is testing of the non-functional aspects of a system or software component, such as performance, usability, reliability, security, etc. Non-functional testing does not usually include testing the ease of modification of systems, as this is more related to maintainability, which is a quality attribute rather than a non-functional requirement1 defines non-functional testing as follows:
Non-functional Testing is defined as a type of Software testing to check non-functional aspects (performance, usability, reliability, etc) of a software application. It is designed to test the readiness of a system as per nonfunctional parameters which are never addressed by functional testing.
Non-functional Testing involves testing of non-functional requirements such as Load Testing, Stress Testing, Security, Volume, Recovery Testing etc. The objective of NFT testing is to ensure whether the response time of software or application is quick enough as per the business requirement.
A, B, and D are incorrect answers. Evaluating the interaction of various specified components (A), testing how the system works (B), and performing at unit, integration, system and acceptance test levels (D) are statements that are likely to be true of non-functional testing. Non-functional testing can cover the interaction of various components in terms of performance, reliability, compatibility, etc. Non-functional testing can test how the system works in terms of speed, efficiency, stability, etc. Non-functional testing can be performed at different test levels depending on the scope and objectives of the test.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Your company is developing a system with complex business rules and many branches in the structure of its
code components. You need to choose one black box technique and one white box technique for test case
design.
Which one of the following offers the BEST choice?
- A. Decision testing and decision table testing
- B. Statement testing and exploratory testing
- C. Boundary value analysis and decision table testing
- D. Decision testing and equivalence partitioning
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 34
Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
- A. Development team may find many defects since they are familiar with the code
- B. Tests designed by a person in the development team other than the person who wrote the code is the lowest level of independence
- C. A test team with high level of independence, may suffer from lower familiarity with the product
- D. Tests designed by a person from different group in the organization is the highest independence level
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Tests designed by a person in the development team other than the person who wrote the code is not the lowest level of independence. The lowest level of independence is tests designed by the person who wrote the code, as this may introduce bias or blind spots in testing. Tests designed by another person in the development team is one level higher than tests designed by the person who wrote the code, as this may provide a different perspective or expertise in testing. defines the levels of independence as follows:
The level of independence of testing is related to the degree of separation between those who are responsible for developing software and those who are responsible for testing software.
The following levels of independence can be distinguished:
Level 0: No independent testing; tests are designed by the same person who wrote the code.
Level 1: Tests are designed by another person in the development team; e.g., another programmer or software designer.
Level 2: Tests are designed by a person from a different group within the organization; e.g., an independent test team or group.
Level 3: Tests are designed by a person from a different organization or company; e.g., an outsourcing partner or contractor.
A, B, and C are correct statements. A test team with high level of independence may suffer from lower familiarity with the product (A), as they may not have access to all the information or knowledge about the system under test. Development team may find many defects since they are familiar with the code (B), as they may have more insight into how the system works internally and where potential problems may occur. Tests designed by a person from different group in the organization is the highest level of independence within an organization, as this provides maximum separation between development and testing activities.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Considering the following pseudo-code, calculate the MINIMUM number of test cases required to achieve
100% statement coverage and 100% decision coverage.
- A. Statement coverage: 4, Decision coverage: 5
- B. Statement coverage. 3. Decision coverage 4
- C. Statement coverage: 4. Decision coverage: 3
- D. Statement coverage 4. Decision coverage 4
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
To achieve 100% statement coverage, we need to execute every statement in the code at least once. To achieve
100% decision coverage, we need to execute every possible outcome of every decision in the code at least once. In this case, we can use the following test cases to cover both statement and decision coverage:
A = 5, B = 4, C = 3, D = 2, E = 1
A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, D = 4, E = 5
A = 3, B = 4, C = 5, D = 2, E = 1
A = 3, B = 2, C = 1, D = 4, E = 5
These four test cases will cover all the statements and all the possible outcomes of the decisions in the code.
Therefore, the minimum number of test cases required to achieve both statement and decision coverage is four.
References: Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus, Section 4.3.1
NEW QUESTION # 36
Which of the following is NOT an objective of testing?
- A. Finding defects
- B. Gaining confidence about the level of quality of the software
- C. Providing information for decision-making
- D. Analyzing and removing the cause of failures
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 37
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ISQI CTFL_Syll2018 certification exam is an excellent way for software testing professionals to enhance their skills and advance their careers. It is a globally recognized certification that is respected by employers and industry professionals, and it provides a comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals of software testing. With the right preparation and dedication, candidates can successfully pass the exam and establish themselves as experts in the field of software testing.
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